All these, except Windows and z/OS, share roots in UNIX. Examples of popular modern operating systems include Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, and IBM z/OS. Operating systems did not exist in their modern, complex form before 1960s and now they can be found on almost any device that contains a computer from cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.
Even for hardware functions like memory allocation, the operating system acts as a link between programs and the computer hardware. Application programs usually require an operating system to function. The operating system is a vital component of the system software in a computer system. An operating system or an OS is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs.
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